Wiring & Testing the Colour Sensor

1#include <Wire.h>
2#include "Adafruit_TCS34725.h"
3
4// Initialize with specific integration time and gain
5Adafruit_TCS34725 tcs = Adafruit_TCS34725(TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_50MS, TCS34725_GAIN_4X);
6
7void setup() {
8  Serial.begin(9600);
9  
10  // Initialize I2C with specific pins: SDA=D1, SCL=D2 (Common for ESP8266)
11  Wire.begin(D1, D2);
12
13  Serial.println();
14  Serial.println("########## TCS34725 Color Sensor Test ##########");
15
16  
17  while (!tcs.begin()) {
18    Serial.println("Sensor not found! Check wiring!");
19    Serial.println("Retrying in 5 seconds.");
20    Serial.println("-------------------------------------");
21        delay(5000);
22  }
23
24  Serial.println("Sensor found! Wiring is correct!");
25  Serial.println("-------------------------------------");
26}
27
28void loop() {
29  uint16_t r, g, b, c;
30
31  // Read raw data from the sensor
32  tcs.getRawData(&r, &g, &b, &c);
33
34  // Avoid divide by zero errors if it is pitch black
35  if (c == 0) c = 1;
36
37  // Calculate standard RGB values (0-255) based on the clear channel
38  int redVal   = (int)((float)r / c * 255.0);
39  int greenVal = (int)((float)g / c * 255.0);
40  int blueVal  = (int)((float)b / c * 255.0);
41
42  // Print RGB values
43  Serial.print("R: "); Serial.print(redVal);
44  Serial.print(" G: "); Serial.print(greenVal);
45  Serial.print(" B: "); Serial.print(blueVal);
46  Serial.print(" -> Detected: ");
47  
48  // Determine and print the color name
49  String colorName = getColorName(redVal, greenVal, blueVal);
50  Serial.println(colorName);
51  Serial.println("--------");
52
53  delay(1000); // Wait 1 second before next reading
54}
55
56// Function to compare read RGB to known colors
57String getColorName(int r, int g, int b) {
58  struct Color { String name; int r; int g; int b; };
59  Color palette[] = {
60    {"Red",     255, 0,   0},
61    {"Green",   0,   255, 0},
62    {"Blue",    0,   0,   255},
63    {"Yellow",  255, 255, 0},
64    {"Cyan",    0,   255, 255},
65    {"Magenta", 255, 0,   255},
66    {"White",   255, 255, 255},
67    {"Black",   0,   0,   0},
68    {"Orange",  255, 165, 0},
69    {"Purple",  128, 0,   128},
70    {"Brown",   165, 42,  42},
71    {"Gray",    128, 128, 128}
72  };
73
74  String closestColor = "Unknown";
75  long minDistance = 200000L;
76
77  for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
78    long dist = pow(r - palette[i].r, 2) +
79                pow(g - palette[i].g, 2) +
80                pow(b - palette[i].b, 2);
81               
82    if (dist < minDistance) {
83      minDistance = dist;
84      closestColor = palette[i].name;
85    }
86  }
87
88  // Simple check for "Black" based on low light levels
89  if (r < 30 && g < 30 && b < 30) {
90    return "Black";
91  }
92
93  return closestColor;
94}