Comparing Colors

The sensor gives us an RGB value, like (200, 50, 50). We know that a "Red Candy" should be around (255, 0, 0). But it will never be exact.

How do we know if the sensor reading is "close enough" to Red?

Euclidean Distance

We treat the colors as points in 3D space (x=Red, y=Green, z=Blue). The distance between two colors is:

float distance = sqrt(pow(r2 - r1, 2) + pow(g2 - g1, 2) + pow(b2 - b1, 2));

The smaller the distance, the closer the match!

The Code

Here is the logic to find the closest matching color:

int getClosestColor(int r, int g, int b) {
  int minDist = 9999;
  int detectedColor = -1;

  // Check against known colors (Red, Green, Blue, Yellow)
  // ... logic here ...
  
  return detectedColor;
}